The Era Of The Modern Penitentiary System - 1829 Words

â€Å"Early† correctional history is normally put in a pretty large category ranging from 2000 B.C. to 1800 A.D. (Allen, 2010). This period obviously covers a wide range both in time and technological advances along with cultural standards. This period includes ancient Babylonia and Samaria, Rome, Medieval Europe, Renaissance Europe, to the rise of the modern penitentiary system in America. Throughout this large chunk of time there were obviously many different practices that came into being, but two main factors can be singled out as to what changed early corrections into what we know to this day. First of all, there was a change from vigilante justice (lex salica) to governmental regulation (lex talionis). Lex salica is where a victim of wrongdoing (or their family) carry out revenge or retaliation under the assumption that an offender has to pay for their crime. For example, crime was viewed as a private matter in Ancient Greece and Rome. Even offenses such as murder, justi ce relied on the victim s family with the threat of private war or vendetta the means of protection against further slights. This idea that there must be some final justice is the earliest form of â€Å"corrections†, and it was how crime was handled in ancient history, that is at least until the development of lex talionis after the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD. Lex talionis means an eye for an eye or tooth for a tooth but it technically refers to the switchover in time when governments (not familiesShow MoreRelatedHistory Of The Prison System1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of the prison system in the US is very extensive and encompasses nine different eras which include the Penitentiary era, Mass Prison, Reformatory, Industrial, Punitive, Treatment, Community-based, Warehousing, and the Just-desert era. Each era had its own strength and weaknesses that influenced each subsequent era that came after. the idea of a prison system came about from the colonist desire for a more humane method of dealing with criminal offenders. It was a key move away from corporalRead MoreEssay on Does The Punishment Fit The Crime?851 Words   |  4 Pagespunish those criminal behaviors changes. In the early modern era in Europe, public executions were the primary punishment given to members of society who were involved in criminal behavior. This form of punishment served to showcase the absolute power of the state, King and church to take away the life of any citizen who disrupts peace. It was a way to make the criminal justice system visible and effective in an era when the criminal justice system was in its beginning stages of demonstrating orderlinessRead MoreThe Romanian Criminal Justice System1715 Words   |  7 Pages The Romanian Criminal Justice System Cory J. Mackley-Portley Texas State University – San Marcos The Romanian Criminal Justice System The history and evolution of any country is complex and open to the interpretation of progression or regression as defined by the reader. The history of its criminal justice system is no different. This is more so complicated in that this particular country, Romania, is in a relatively new post-communist era. To increase the understanding of the evolution of lawRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The Correctional System910 Words   |  4 PagesThe correctional system in America is an umbrella term referring to a range of mandates that entails the management, supervision, and rehabilitation of convicted offenders. These mandates are often carried out through incarceration, probation, or parole, while prisons are the most popular correctional agency in America. Prisons in America were among some of the first public buildings established in the New World. Early prisons were not considered â€Å"houses of punishment,† but were rather referred toRead MorePrison Architecture : Discuss The Evolution Of Corrections1605 Words   |  7 PagesArchitecture and how it has evolved throughout the history of corrections. Be sure to include information about security methods and techniques. Also discuss how different structures may be therapeutic. From underground cells to electronic monitoring systems, these are the ways prisons evolved over the centuries to keep society, correctional officers, in prisoners safe. One of the first notable prisons, the Mamertine Prison, was located in Rome and build around 640 B.C. by Ancus Marcius. The Roman CatholicRead MoreThe American Penal System : The United States Essay1705 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Penal System Crime has been an ever-present figure in America even before America officially became a country. Where there is crime, there must be a way to suppress it. That is where prisons come into play. When a person commits a crime, he or she might stay in a prison while awaiting trial and might also stay in a prison as a punishment if that trial does not end in his or her favor. According to The Sentencing Project, as of 2015, the United States’ rate of incarceration was the highestRead MoreDeath Penalty Essay Outline1443 Words   |  6 Pagesaround for centuries first appearing in Hamarabis code. In modern society the death penalty is often overlooked because normally it is a criminal receiving the punishment and not your everyday good citizen. Which is where the main argument lies for most people. The Death Penalty can affect all people, directly or indirectly, yet most people dont see it this way. From the stoning in the late B.C. era to the lethal injection, many modern governm ents, including the united States. have sentenced manyRead MoreHistory of Corrections: from Then to Now1809 Words   |  8 PagesS. corrections system, a subdivision of the criminal justice system, continues to undergo change. From its beginnings as laws written in stone, the corrections system has sought to punish offenders. The origin of the corrections system dates back several thousand years and has witnessed various perspectives and goals. The best method of administering punishment to these prisoners has remained an issue of dispute for many years. Events through history, such as the first penitentiary and the DeclarationRead MoreHistory of Punishment2331 Words   |  10 PagesC.E. This code described legal procedures and punishments for offenders, such as stoning to death or public abuse while dying. †¢ During the Roman Empire, Emperor Justinian in 534 C.E. compiled a code, which would constitute the basis for all modern European law. In Rome, offenders were usually tortured, served as slaves or in the imperial galleys. †¢ In most of Europe, forms of legal sanctions that are familiar today did not appear until the beginning of the Middle Ages, in the 1200s. BeforeRead MoreThe Fight For Civil Rights1061 Words   |  5 Pages The fight for civil rights was one of the most significant events of american history in the years of 1960. It was an era to struggle and to look forward for a better future. In that era American people witnessed the rise of the Red Power Movement. This movement was a way for Native American to get back some of their rights and pushing for more and more. There are two major aspects of the Red Power movement. The first one the political aspect which attempts to solve problems through the political

Human Resource Management Processes And Activities

Figure 1.3 Image source: simplehrguide.com Human resource management processes and activities are also used for being competitive by organisation; HRM Process: ï‚ § Recruitment and selection; the main reason for recruit and selection process is to identify potential employee who can fit with the hiring organisation. It is an expensive and complex process. Moreover organisation selection and recruit process prioritise employees â€Å"hard† technical skills compare to their â€Å"soft† behavioural and attitude skills. Though hard skills are crucial but no matter how sophisticated the manufacturing technology is but no improvement can be sustained without soft skills in workers. Although workers can be trained quickly in tools and techniques but developing soft skills can take long time in compare to hard skills.in come cases; the employee personal attitude and characteristics cannot be altered so the recruiter should pay close attention to potential employee’s attitudes and personality traits during selection process. Though many researchers have long urged firm’s to make basic alteration during recruitment and selection process while applying quality management practices, but very few organisation applying quality management requisite attention to these suggestions till date. (Snell et al., 2000). ï‚ § Goal setting: ï‚ § Training and development; In terms of this review,Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Role of Mobile Technology in Human Resources Management1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe role of Mobile in Human Resources Management Introduction Technology development is one of the most powerful driving forces. It form differently the way we engage, work, live, communicate and also the way commercial activity is conducted. The application of scientific knowledge and digital business communication developments have make various organizational work activities. The method that organizations perform their work activity is currently connection to living concepts such as electronicRead MoreHuman Resource Planning : The Organization s Long Term Goals And Strategies Essay1082 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategies. Human Resource Planning (HRP) is the process of anticipating and making provision for the movement (flow) of people into, within, and out of an organization. Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM) is the pattern of human resources deployments and activities that enable an organization to achieve its strategic goals. Strategy formulation provides input as to what is possible given the types and numbers of people available and strategy implementation are the primary resource allocationRead MoreHuman Resource Development Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Development (HRD) is often seen to be a central feature of SHRM. Discuss the role and importance of HRD in achieving SHRM organizational outcomes. Introduction Learning and development in the context of organizational development is having an essential role in achieving strategic human resourcing outcome. From attraction and retention, to development and utilisation of human capital, Human Resource Development (HRD) is the centre of strategic focus in HRM. This essay aims to presentRead MoreEssay on Human Resource Development1689 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Development (HRD) is often seen to be a central feature of SHRM. Discuss the role and importance of HRD in achieving SHRM organizational outcomes. Introduction Learning and development in the context of organizational development is having an essential role in achieving strategic human resourcing outcome. From attraction and retention, to development and utilisation of human capital, Human Resource Development (HRD) is the centre of strategic focus in HRM. This essay aims to presentRead MoreHuman Resorce Management vs. Operations Management vs.Preoject Management737 Words   |  3 PagesOrlandus Leonard Human Resources Management vs. Operational Management Kaplan University MT 435 Operations Management Human Resources Management and Operational Management are two very distinct managements that are strangely co-dependent of each other in my view. Operations Management is responsible for designing, operating and improving productive systems or in layman’s terms, systems for getting work done. Operations Managers are found in all walks of life. 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Project manager is the one who identifies the various processes required to carry the project and is responsible for the various activities, relative dependency among the various activities to carry out the process and thusRead MoreThe Long Term Performance Of A Company1558 Words   |  7 Pagesdecisions and actions taken by the highest level of the organization to achieve the performance targets. In this context, the strategic management is defined, therefore, as that set of decisions and actions taken by management to assess the long term performance of a company. The world of organizations in the past few years is turning more and more attention to human resources, since the quality and skills of the latter are a real competitive advantage for companies operating in all sectors. 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Human Resources seeks to achieve this by aligning the supply of skilled and qualified individuals and the capabilities of the current workforce, with the organization s ongoing and future business plans and requirements to maximise return on

Ethical Issues Of Recruitment And Selection - 1527 Words

Ethics is moral principles that govern a person s behaviour or the conducting of an activity. The main ethical issues in recruitment and selection are asking candidates the same question. Ethical issues are a problem or situation that requires a person or organization to choose between alternatives that are judged as right (ethical) or wrong (unethical). Ethical issues in recruitment and selection are that applicants are to be hired based purely on merits such as knowledge, skills, and ability in accordance to the needs of the organization. Some ethical issues are that job advertisements should not be misleading in order to get applications. The business must make sure that the terms of employment are clearly explained. The†¦show more content†¦Another benefit is reduced legal problems if a business complies with the legislations then it decreases their risk of fines, penalties, work stoppages, lawsuits or a shutdown of your business. However, when a business doesn’t meet some compliance requirements, such as posting an employment poster in the wrong area of your office, you might get a warning and a chance to correct the problem. In other situations, you might face costly sanctions. Failing to meet your legal obligations, such as in your manufacturing procedures or advertising methods, can also help someone suing you strengthen his case. Many business rules and regulations can help you more than harm you. For example, rules regarding discrimination and harassment help you create a better working environment for your employees, which can lead to more worker productivity. Following safety and security rules helps prevent injuries, fires or building evacuations that hurt your profitability. The more employees feel they work in a fair, professional and safe environment, the more likely they will be to stay with you. However, even if you don’t harass or discriminate against any employees, if you don’t take steps to ensure none of your employees does, you can lose valuable workers. Recruitment is the process by which a business seeks to hire the right person for a vacancy. Recruitment refers to the overall process of attracting, selecting and appointing suitable candidates for jobs (either permanent or temporary)Show MoreRelatedChallenges Of Recruitment And Selection Process1472 Words   |  6 Pagesto recruiting and selection. Recruitment is the process of searching for applicants for a job and after finding qualified candidates, encourage them to apply for positions within an organization. During the recruitment process, the job description should be outlined so that the job matches the expectations of the new employee (Flynn et al, 2015). Making sure that the expectations are aligned to the employee reduces the potential for turnovers (Flynn et al, 2015). 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Creating dramatic tension Essay Example For Students

Creating dramatic tension Essay This type of short sentence structure is known as staccato rhythm. Its a means of creating dramatic tension. The reason behind this tension could be the connotation of interruption that speeds up the conversation. West and Zimmerman (1974:81) When someone doesnt finish a sentence because theyre interrupted, this then hastens the next sentence, because they want to finish what they were saying. When people are speaking fast, especially Americans, they tend to substitute words in the dialogue. Aitchison and Lewis (2003) devised some theories about word substitution. Its very characteristic of spontaneous discourse to avoid tedious repetition. For example, words like so and gonna are common words in American slang that are difficult to detect because they are used so often in Will and Grace. Another type is ellipsis, which is omitting elements altogether. Speakers, who know each other well, often use ellipsis because they have many shared meanings that do not need stating explicitly. In Will and Grace, the two main characters have been friends forever and because sex is not a factor in their relationship, they can share things most cross-sex friendships cant. Will: Yeah, and then Harpo and Zeppo could bring in the Deans wife, and well all sail to Fredonia. Grace: Hey, dont knock it. It was very funny when we did it in my Dads G. I series. Theyre sharing a memory here that the audience would not know about. They dont need to go into detail about it because they know what each other is trying to say. The conversational analysis of Will and Grace has shown a lot of common theories about dialogue patterns in broadcasting. These conversations also convey other meanings about the sitcom. They show different representations of men and women and in particular emphasise the speech patterns of homosexuals Will and Jack. Will and Grace put a positive spin on the representations of gender and sexuality, which was a taboo subject on television only a few years ago. According to Dirk Schulz of www. genderforum. uni-koeln. de, the American sitcom Ellen caused outrage for NBCs viewers, when she turned gay through her series. It was conceived as abnormal. However, Will and Graces producers characterised Will and Jack as gay from the beginning. This gave a feeling of safety and predictability for the viewers and would not propose any shock. The humour would be if Will and Jack decided to become straight, it would be uncharacteristic for them, but not have the same shock value for the audience. In most discourse, the representations of gay characters are either presented as tragically doomed or laughing stock for the audience. Sandler (2001:131). This ideological inference is challenged in the 1981 film, The Celluliod Closet (1981). It examines our attitudes about sexuality and sex roles using celebrities as their focus. Celebrities serve as potential role models for their audiences. Smith (2000:341) They identify with the role of the celebrities themselves. This is why this film gained critical acclaim for its insight into homosexuality and why the representation of homosexuals is more politically correct. Will and Grace adopts this theory by having cameo roles for celebrities in their show. Madonna and Kevin Bacon are some of the many celebrities that have appeared in the series. Homosexuality is an essential part of media representation, but is a fairly new construction of discourse. Ellen was the first sitcom to really promote homosexuality, but Will and Grace managed to do it in a more effective way. It appears normal in their New York society and there is a big culture for it. Will and Jack have frequent partners in the show and society seems to accept them. However, in the episode, Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Hes Kept Me in The Closet and I, So Sad, Wills father, George is proud of his son but finds his homosexuality difficult to deal with in front of his peers. .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 , .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .postImageUrl , .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 , .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:hover , .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:visited , .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:active { border:0!important; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:active , .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05 .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u90e5a07b3599590faabd415261dbef05:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How would you direct Act3 Scene 1 of Romeo and Juliet for a contemporary audience at the Globe Theatre EssayHe tells them that Will and Grace are married, to avoid telling his fellow colleagues that he is gay. He thinks they will disapprove. In the end he tells them the truth and they accept it, with no qualms. Whether this would happen in real life is debateable, however, this sitcom shows that gender and sexuality norms are being challenged. Gender roles in Will and Grace could be argued as typically 21st Century. Grace is a strong female character, who runs her own business and has a good sense of humour. She is not oppressed by men and cant even cook. Will often takes on the domestic responsibilities of the pair, but also works as a legal attorney. He is not feminised and appears to be an ordinary man in the city. Jack however, is extremely camp. His constant cabaret acts and high pitched tone are characteristic audiences would expect from a gay man. However, his character appears to emphasise these expectations for audience pleasures, so they can identify with their own norms about gay men. Its part of Walkers theory about predictability. Walker (2000:51). By affirming the cognitive stability of gay identity as a category, but rather endorsing gay identity as a signifier of resistance to the often exclusionary logic of identity that nonetheless makes possible at given moments for different constituencies, an identity of resistance. Endelman (1994). The character of Jack was allowed to be as gay as he liked, because he had a gay identity that was accepted by the audience. In conclusion, Will and Grace was an apt sitcom to analyse. The conversational analysis showed many theorists ideas about pauses and language rhythm. It showed how, when analysing the transcripts, a clear idea of how the dialogue is structured can be seen. This qualitative approach allowed me to do an in-depth research into the language and its structure. A quantitative analysis would have prevented me from doing so. The language also showed clear gender representations in the series. The main characters have strong representations, including homosexual representations, that are not commonly seen in other sitcoms. It challenges the preconceived ideologies that some viewers may have when watching television, but it is not shocking. Previous discourse has allowed Will and Grace to freely adopt gay representations for their characters that has proved a huge success internationally. References Aitchison, J. Lewis, D. (Eds). (2003). New Media Language. London: Routledge. COULTHARD, M. (1985). An Introduction to Discourse Analysis, 2nd edn. London: Longman. Davis, H. Walton, P. (1983). Language, Image, Media. Oxford: Blackwell. Garfinkel, H. (1967). Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs; NJ: Prentice Hall. Heritage, J. (1984). Garfinkel and Ethnomethodology. Cambridge: Polity. Scannell, P. (1991). Broadcast Talk. London: Sage.